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Simular | Process Development Reaction Calorimeter

This highly configurable system from the H.E.L product family excels in optimizing process conditions and determining safer reaction conditions. With dual reactor options available, offering more flexibility for applications.

In addition to traditional heat flow calorimetry, the Simular offers power compensation calorimetry allowing operators to skip time-consuming calibration steps and get more conditions screened. The Simular is ideally suited for process safety and scale-up of the most varied and demanding reactions.

Chemical Synthesis Specifications

Chemical Synthesis Brochure

Process Safety and Scale Up Specifications

Process Safety and Scale Up (Mandarin)

Process Safety and Scale Up Brochure

Overview

Highly Configurable & Flexible System

The Simular Process Development Reaction Calorimeter is a highly configurable and flexible system, designed as part of the H.E.L product family for process safety and chemical synthesis, featuring dual reactor options. Its unique capabilities as a calorimeter and an automated jacketed reactor allow for exceptional versatility in various applications, including adiabatic calorimetry, autocatalysis, and batch and semi-batch reactors.

Optimize Process Conditions

Leveraging the derived thermodynamic and kinetic information of the reaction, the system aims to optimize process conditions, achieving the dual goals of maximizing product yield while minimizing safety hazards. It enables efficient and effective adjustments to key operating parameters by precisely monitoring and controlling the heat flow.

Determine Safer Reaction Conditions

Determining the safer reaction conditions is crucial to ensuring safety during scale-up operations. The system facilitates this by calculating the plant cooling capacity required for maintaining isothermal conditions (Tp) and accurately predicting the maximum temperature the main reaction may reach during a thermal runaway. These calculations are vital in determining the emergency cooling capacity needed for robust scale-up.

Calibration-Free Power Compensation Calorimetry

The Simular Process, Development Reaction Calorimeter, supports both classic heat flow calorimetry and advanced calibration-free power compensation calorimetry. This advanced feature allows users to choose the most appropriate method for their specific reaction requirements, ensuring accurate and reliable measurements for precise process control and optimization.

Features and Options

  • Configurable system: dual reactor options
  • Two modes: Calibration-free Power Compensation Calorimetry or Heat Flow Calorimetry
  • Versatility of use: Calorimeter or automated jacketed reactor
  • Safety features: Minimize safety hazards and maximize product yield

 

Specification Point Simular
Typical Applications
  • Process safety
  • Process scale-up
  • Process development and optimization
Vessel Material Glass, 316 Stainless steel, and Hastelloy C276
Vessel Volume 500 mL, 1 L and 2 L *
Dual Vessel A dual vessel option is available (typically with a glass, ambient pressure vessel and a metal, high-pressure vessel) including a larger dual frame and switching between reactors
Temperature Range -30°C to 225°C (Reactor material dependent) *
Pressure Range Vacuum to 100 bar (Reactor material dependent) *
Sensor Options
  • Temperature, pressure, pH, turbidity, and other sensors are available.
  • Integration of third-party probes is possible, such as in-situ FTIR, particle sizing probes and Raman probes with software integration.
Control & Analysis Software
  • Easy to use, powerful software designed both advanced users and beginners.
  • Intelligent automation: Customizable interface with real-time sensor readings, allowing for feedback loops, and reactor parameters based on user preferences.
  • User-defined experiment plans covering simple to advanced reactions.
  • Common software across H.E.L group process safety product range for ease of use and to save time on training.
Calorimetry Modes Isothermal calorimetry:

  • Power compensation calorimetry
  • Heat flow calorimetry
  • Optional: Reflux calorimetry
  • Other methodologies:
    Isoperibolic calorimetry
Safety Features Automatic user-configurable shutdown procedures if a safety condition is exceeded to ensure user safety.

 

*Contact your local H.E.L group representative to discuss additional options.

Applications

Reaction Calorimetry

(1) Thermal properties of the desired reaction (2) Thermal runaway of the reaction

Thermal properties of the desired reaction (1)

The Simular measures the energy evolved in the reaction. Subsequently, this enables you to calculate the plant cooling capacity required to keep the reaction isothermal (Tp).

Thermal runaway of the reaction (2)

In the event of plant failure, it is critical to understand the maximum temperature the main reaction will reach during any subsequent thermal runaway.

The Simular enables the Maximum Temperature of Synthesis Reaction (MTSR) to be calculated from the data of the reaction. Multiple reaction conditions can also be screened to help understand the kinetics of the reaction. From this, it can be assessed whether there will be sufficient time and emergency cooling capacity to deal with the temperature increase.

Minimizing the risk

Hazard assessments may highlight insufficient plant emergency capacity to avert the risk of thermal runaway. The Simular can be used to explore and design safer reaction conditions, thereby facilitating the optimization of safe operations and minimizing process risk.

Technical Literature

The following is a list of supporting Technical Literature.

Comparison of different calorimetry methodologies using Simular reaction calorimeter

Calorimetry: Heat flow versus power compensations methods

Publications

The following are a list of some technical publications which highlight the use of the equipment.

On the Breakage of High Aspect Ratio Crystals in Filter Beds under Continuous Percolation

F. M. Mahdi, A. P. Shier, I. S. Fragkopoulos, J. Carr, P. Gajjar and F. L. Muller

29-Oct-2022

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11095-020-02958-x(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Use of isoperibolic reaction calorimeter for the study of reaction kinetics of acetic anhydride hydrolysis reaction: Effect of acetic anhydride and water ratio

Rajendra Kumar and Anurag Kumar Tiwari

06-Apr-2022

https://journals.pan.pl/Content/124706/PDF/art17_int.pdf(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Thermal Hazards of Synthesizing a Grignard Reagent under Different Dosing Rates

Wei Wang , Jiancun Gao , Chenguang Shi, Shengnan Wang, Yujing Li, Xiong Dai, and Tianmeng Jiang

01-Mar-2022

https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6776179(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Thermal hazards evaluation of the synthesis of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide

Jiancun Gao, Chenguang Shi, Sisi Liu, Shengnan Wang and Wei Wang

18-Sep-2021

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10973-021-11052-2(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


A study on the scale-up of acyl azide synthesis in various continuous flow reactors in homogeneous and biphasic systems

Cloudius R. Sagandira and Paul Watts

18-May-2018

https://doi.org/10.1007/s41981-018-0010-9(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


The effect of using a methanol–water solvent mixture on pH oscillations in the palladium-catalyzed phenylacetylene oxidative carbonylation reaction

Julie Parker and Katarina Novakovic

30-Sep-2017

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11144-017-1282-z(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Autonomous reorganization of the oscillatory phase in the PdI2 catalyzed phenylacetylene carbonylation reaction

Julie Parker & Katarina Novakovic

11-Feb-2016

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-016-0979-8(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Oscillatory carbonylation of phenylacetylene in the absence of externally supplied oxidant

Lynn Donlon, Julie Parker and Katarina Novakovic

19-Feb-2014

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-014-0685-3(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Inherently safer reactors: Improved efficiency of 3-picoline N-oxidation in the temperature range 110–125 °C

Alba Pineda-Solano, Lina Saenz-Noval, Subramanya Nayak, Simon Waldram, Maria Papadakic and M. Sam Mannan

05-Nov-2012

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582012000456(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Toward an inherently safer design and operation of batch and semi-batch processes: The N-oxidation of alkylpyridines

Alba Pineda-Solanoa, Lina R.Saenza, Victor Carreto, Maria Papadaki and M. Sam Mannan

05-Sep-2012

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423012000435(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Reaction calorimetric analysis of batch cooling crystallization processes: studies of urea in supersaturated water–methanol solutions

Xiaojun Lai, Kevin J. Roberts, Joakim Svensson and Graeme White

03-Feb-2011

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2011/ce/c0ce00786b/(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


The influence of reaction temperature on the oscillatory behaviour in the palladium-catalysed phenylacetylene oxidative carbonylation reaction

Katarina Novakovic,* Ankur Mukherjee, Mark Willis, Allen Wright and Steve Scott

01-Aug-2009

https://doi.org/10.1039/b905444h(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Isothermal decomposition of hydroxylamine and hydroxylamine nitrate in aqueous solutions in the temperature range 80–160 ◦C

LijunLiua, Maria Papadaki, Eleni Pontiki, Panagiota Stathi, William J. Rogers and M. Sam Mannan

15-Jun-2009

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389408015112(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


A New Autocatalytic Thioacetate-Enal Addition Reaction: A Michael Addition or Not?

Lijun Liu, Maria Papadaki, Elen Pontiki, Panagiota Stathi, William J.Rogers and M. Sam Mannan

15-Jun-2009

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.023(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Thermal Behavior of Aqueous Solutions of Hydroxylamine During Isothermal and Isoperibolic Decomposition in a Closed System

Maria I. Papadaki, Eleni Pontiki, Lijun Liu, William J. Rogers, and M. Sam Mannan

19-May-2009

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/je9001366#(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


A Practical Method For Stabilizing Lithiated Halogenated Aromatic Compounds

Thimma Rawalpally, Yaohui Ji, Ashish Shankar, William Edwards, Joshua Allen, Yong Jiang, Thomas P. Cleary, and Michael E. Pierce

15-Oct-2008

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/op8001596(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Adaptive MIMO neuro-fuzzy logic control of a seeded and an unseeded anti-solvent semi-batch crystallizer

M. Sheikhzadeh, M. Trifkovic and S.Rohani

01-Mar-2008

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009250907005179(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Kinetics Estimation and Single and Multi-Objective Optimization of a Seeded, Anti-Solvent, Isothermal Batch Crystallizer

M. Trifkovic, M. Sheikhzadeh, and S. Rohani

01-Feb-2008

https://doi.org/10.1021/ie071125g(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Fuzzy logic and rigid control of a seeded semi-batch, anti-solvent, isothermal crystallizer

M. Sheikhzadeh M. Trifkovic and S. Rohani

01-Feb-2008

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009250907007993(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Utilising high throughput technologies for the determination of the reaction network of the L-proline catalysed aldol reaction

Katarina Novakovic, Mark J. Willis and Allen R. Wright

23-Jan-2008

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-007-0136-1(Subscription or purchase maybe required for full access)


Downloads

The following are a list of available downloads.

Chemical Synthesis Specifications

Chemical Synthesis Brochure

Process Safety and Scale Up Specifications

Process Safety and Scale Up (Mandarin)

Process Safety and Scale Up Brochure

Testimonials

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start quote My experience with HEL dates since 2005. During these years HEL was the provider of the most important lab equipment with the help of which I developed many different API pharmaceutical processes in the companies l worked for including Merck, Pfizer, and Theravance. The versatility of the automated lab reactors (AutoLAB), the ease of use of and the accuracy of the TSu and Simular systems, as well as the flexibility of the PolyBLOCK made my work much easier and accurate. I would like to mention the great relationship I established with the service engineers and the sales people at HEL. With their help I was able to customize the software and the hardware of the equipment to our specific needs. This readiness to accommodate each customer’s specific needs gives HEL the edge over their competitors and makes them the preferred vendor for pharmaceutical lab equipment. start quote

Theravance Inc – USA